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The pace of research on 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has reached a point that makes it virtually impossible for anyone to stay up-to-date when it comes to the state-of-the-art of 3DCP, let alone to identify (at a glance) whether the publication is of great relevance to the topic. Based on my passion for 3DCP, I decided to establish a database of citations to research publications addressing 3DCP. The main goal of this database is to gather entries to 3DCP publications as well as to curate the most relevant publications out there. Given the open-access scope of The 3DCP Database, all visitors are welcome to request a new entry about their publications to the database through the Submit your contribution form.

What about 3D Concrete Printing?

3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) corresponds to a technology that uses computer-controlled placement of materials to build a component without formwork. The most common placement process in 3DCP relies on extrusion of cement-based composites – whether this is a mortar with fine aggregates or concrete with large aggregates. 3DCP promises to enable the production of complex geometries in a fully-automated setup while delivering advantages such as material savings, greater efficiency in the production of complex concrete products, new architectural insights and design strategies.

In a nutshell, there are four steps that configure a 3DCP setup: mixing, pumping, nozzle control and extrusion. Such configuration has been deployed in applications such as prefabrication of building components off-site and on-site as well as large-scale construction. The chart below (adapted from Buswell et al. 2018) showcases the number of projects and applications over the past few years.

It is evident that the number of 3DCP applications is rapidly increasing, though there is still some scientific and technological ground to be covered to boost the overall process robustness. This is exactly where the recipe for a successful 3DCP development and market uptake lies… in the strong collaboration between universities, research institutes and industry, where science and technology meets. Such collaboration allows for promoting not only the scientific 3DCP developments but also the uptake of the technology and product valorization. It is only through a collaborative approach that we can broadcast knowledge to engineers, which will then add value to construction products by means of 3DCP rather than simply brute forcing the technology into standard applications that rely on well-established and efficient construction technologies.

The 3DCP Database

  • W.R. Leal da Silva, M. Kaasgaard. Green concrete for sustainable 3D Concrete Printing. Concrete International, 4: 34-40, 2022. Link

  • G. Ma, R. Buswell. W.R. Leal da Silva, L. Wang, J. Xu, S.Z. Jones. Technology readiness: A global snapshot of 3D concrete printing and the frontiers for development. Cement and Concrete Research, 156(-): 106774, 2022. Link

  • F.P. Bos, C. Menna, M. Pradena, E.Kreiger, W.R. Leal da Silva, A.U. Rehman, D. Weger, R.J.M. Wolfs, Y.Zhang, L. Ferrara, V. Mechtcherine. The realities of additively manufactured concrete structures in practice. Cement and Concrete Research, 156(-): 106746, 2022. Link

  • A. L. van Overmeir, S.C. Figueiredo, B. Savija, F.P.Bos E. Schlangen. Design and analyses of printable strain hardening cementitious composites with optimized particle size distribution. Construction and Building Materials, 324(-): 126411, 2022. Link

  • V. Nguyen-Van, H. Nguyen-Xuan, B. Panda, P. Tran. 3D concrete printing modelling of thin-walled structures. Structures, 39(-): 496-511, 2022. Link

  • N. Freund, D. Lowke. Interlayer Reinforcement in Shotcrete-3D-Printing : The Effect of Accelerator Dosage on the Resulting Bond Behavior of Integrated Reinforcement Bars.. Open Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1: 83-95, 2022. Link

  • T. Wangler, R. Pileggi, S.Gurel, R.J. Flatt. A chemical process engineering look at digital concrete processes: critical step design, inline mixing, and scaleup. Cement and Concrete Research, 155(-): 106782, 2022. Link

  • Z. Ahmed, R. Wolfs, F.P. Bos, T.A.M. Salet. A Framework for Large-Scale Structural Applications of 3D Printed Concrete: the Case of a 29 m Bridge in the Netherlands.. Open Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1: 5–19, 2022. Link

  • P.Carneau, R. Mesnil, O. Baverel, N. Roussel. Layer pressing in concrete extrusion-based 3D-printing: Experiments and analysis. Cement and Concrete Research, 155(-): 106741, 2022. Link

  • Y. Chen, Z. Chang, S. He, O.Copuroglu, B.Savija, E.Schlangen. Effect of curing methods during a long time gap between two printing sessions on the interlayer bonding of 3D printed cementitious materials. Construction and Building Materials, 332(-): 127394, 2022. Link

  • S. Bhattacherjee, M.Santhanam. Investigation on the effect of alkali-free aluminium sulfate based accelerator on the fresh properties of 3D printable concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 130(-): 104521, 2022. Link

  • P. Bedarf, A. Szabo, M. Zanini, A. Heusi, B. Dillenburger. Robotic 3d printing of mineral foam for a lightweight composite concrete slab. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of the Association for Computer- Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA), Vol. 2: 61-70, 2022. Link

  • N. Ashrafi, S. Nazarian, N. Meisel, J.P. Duarte. A grammar-based algorithm for toolpath generation: Compensating for material deformation in the additive manufacturing of concrete. Additive Manufacturing, 55(-): 102803, 2022. Link

  • A. Das, Y. Song, S. Mantellato, T. Wangler, D. A.Lange, R.J. Flatt. Effect of processing on the air void system of 3D printed concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 156(-): 106789, 2022. Link

  • H. Christen, G. van Zijl, W. Villiers. The incorporation of recycled brick aggregate in 3D printed concrete. Cleaner Materials, 4(-): 100090, 2022. Link

  • R. Moini, J.O lek, P.D. Zavattieri, J.P. Youngblood. Early-age buildability-rheological properties relationship in additively manufactured cement paste hollow cylinders. Cement and Concrete Composites, 131(-): 104538, 2022. Link

  • J.Liu, S.Li, K.Fox, and P.Tran. 3D concrete printing of bioinspired Bouligand structure: A study on impact resistance. 3D concrete printing of bioinspired Bouligand structure: A study on impact resistance. Additive Manufacturing, 50(-): 102544, 2022. Link

  • J.Liu, S.Li, C.Gunasekara, K.Fox, and P.Tran. 3D-printed concrete with recycled glass: Effect of glass gradation on flexural strength and microstructure. 3D-printed concrete with recycled glass: Effect of glass gradation on flexural strength and microstructure. Construction and Building Materials, 314(Part B): 125561, 2022. Link

  • D. Jiao, C. Shi, and G. De Schutter. Magneto-rheology control in 3D concrete printing: A rheological attempt. Materials Letters, 309(-): 131374, 2022. Link

  • J. Dobrzanski, R. Buswell, S. Cavalaro, P. Kinnell, W. Wang, J. Xu, and J. Kolawole. Milling a cement-based 3D printable mortar in its green state using a ball-nosed cutter.. Cement and Concrete Composites, 125(-): 104266, 2022. Link

  • Y. Tao, A.V. Rahul, K. Lesagea, K.V. Tittelboom, Y. Yuan, and G. De Schutter. Mechanical and microstructural properties of 3D printable concrete in the context of the twin-pipe pumping strategy. Cement and Concrete Composites, 125(-): 104324, 2022. Link

  • A.V. Rahul, M.K. Mohan, G. De Schutter, and K.V. Tittelboom. 3D printable concrete with natural and recycled coarse aggregates: Rheological, mechanical and shrinkage behaviour. Cement and Concrete Composites, 125(-): 104311, 2022. Link

  • M. van den Heever, F. Bester, J. Kruger, and G. van Zijl. Numerical modelling strategies for reinforced 3D concrete printed elements. Additive Manufacturing, 50(-): 102569, 2022. Link

  • Y. Tao, K. Lesage, K.V. Tittelboom, Y. Yuan, and G. De Schutter. Influence of substrate surface roughness and moisture content on tensile adhesion performance of 3D printable concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 126(-): 2022, 104350. Link

  • M. van den Heever, A. Plessis, J. Kruger, and G. van Zijl. Evaluating the effects of porosity on the mechanical properties of extrusion-based 3D printed concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 153(-): 106695, 2022. Link

  • Y. Xu, Q. Yuanm Z. Li, C. Shi, Q. Wu, and Y. Huan. Correlation of interlayer properties and rheological behaviors of 3DPC with various printing time intervals. Additive Manufacturing, 47(-): 102327, 2021. Link

  • A.U. Rehman, J.-H. Kim. 3D Concrete Printing: A Systematic Review of Rheology, Mix Designs, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Characteristics. Materials, 14(-): 3800, 2021. Link

  • L. Prasittisopin, T. Sakdanaraseth, V. Horayangkura. Design and construction method of a 3D concrete printing self-supporting curvilinear pavilion. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 27(3): XX-XX, 2021. Link

  • T. Ooms, G. Vantyghem, R. Van Coile, W. De Corte. A parametric modelling strategy for the numerical simulation of 3D concrete printing with complex geometries. Additive Manufacturing, 38(-): 101743, 2021. Link

  • G. Vantyghem, T. Ooms, W. De Corte. VoxelPrint: A Grasshopper plug-in for voxel-based numerical simulation of concrete printing. Automation in Construction, 122(-): 103469, 2021. Link

  • R. Napolitano, D. Forni, C.Menna, D. Asprone, and E. Cadoni. Dynamic characterization of the layer-interface properties of 3D-printed concrete elements. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 15(-): e0078, 2021. Link

  • S.Hou, J. Xiao, Z. Duan, and G. Ma. Fresh properties of 3D printed mortar with recycled powder. Construction and Building Materials, 309(-): 125186, 2021. Link

  • J. Spangenberg, W.R. Leal da Silva, R. Comminal, M.T. Mollah, T.J. Andersen, and H. Stang. Numerical Simulation of Multi-Layer 3D Concrete Printing. RILEM Technical Letters, 6(-): 119-123, 2021. Link

  • S. Yu, M. Xia, J. Sanjayan, L. Yang, J. Xiao, and H. Du. Microstructural characterization of 3D printed concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 44(-): 2021, 102948. Link

  • L. Wang, G. Ma, T. Liu, R. Buswell, and Z. Li. Interlayer reinforcement of 3D printed concrete by the in-process deposition of U-nails. Cement and Concrete Research, 148(-): 106535, 2021. Link

  • T. Marchment, J. Sanjayan. Bond properties of reinforcing bar penetrations in 3D concrete printing. Automation in Construction, 120(-): 103394, 2021. Link

  • R.J.M. Wolfs, T.A.M. Salet, and N.Roussel. Filament geometry control in extrusion-based additive manufacturing of concrete: The good, the bad and the ugly. Cement and Concrete Research, 150(-): 106615, 2021. Link

  • S. Fataei, E. Secrieru, V. Mechtcherine, and N. Roussel. A first-order physical model for the prediction of shear-induced particle migration and lubricating layer formation during concrete pumping. Cement and Concrete Research, 147: 106530, 2021. Link

  • Y. Xu, Q. Yuan, Z. Li, C. Shi, Q. Wu, and Y. Huang. Correlation of interlayer properties and rheological behaviors of 3DPC with various printing time intervals. Additive Manufacturing, 47(-): 102327, 2021. Link

  • L. He, J.Z.M. Tan, W.T. Chow, H. Li, and J. Pan. Design of novel nozzles for higher interlayer strength of 3D printed cement paste. Additive Manufacturing, 48(Part B): 102452, 2021. Link

  • K. Cuevas, M. Chougan, F. Martin, S.H. Ghaffar, D. Stephan, P. Sikora. 3D printable lightweight cementitious composites with incorporated waste glass aggregates and expanded microspheres – Rheological, thermal and mechanical properties. Journal of Building Engineering, 44(-): 102718, 2021. Link

  • R. Jayathilakage, P. Rajeev, J. Sanjayan. Extrusion rheometer for 3D concrete printing. Cement and Concrete Composites, 121(-): 104075, 2021. Link

  • I. Mai, L. Brohmann, N. Freund, S. Gantner, H. Kloft, D. Lowke, N. Hack. Large Particle 3D Concrete Printing—A Green and Viable Solution. Materials, 14(20): 6125, 2021. Link

  • P. Bedarf, A. Dutto, M. Zanini, B.Dillenburger. Foam 3D printing for construction: A review of applications, materials, and processes. Automation in Construction, 130(-): 103861, 2021. Link

  • S. Bhattacherjee, A.S. Basavaraj, A.V. Rahul, M. Santhanam, R. Gettu, B. Panda, E. Schlangen, Y. Chen, O. Copuroglu, G. Ma, L. Wang, M.A.B. Beigh, V. Mechtcherine. Sustainable materials for 3D concrete printing. Cement and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104156, 2021. Link

  • J. Xiao, G. Ji, Y. Zhang, G. Ma, V. Mechtcherine, J. Pan, L. Wang, T. Ding, Z. Duan, S. Du. Large-scale 3D printing concrete technology: Current status and future opportunities. Cement and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104115, . Link

  • K. Vallurupalli, N. Farzadni, K.H. Khayat. Effect of flow behavior and process-induced variations on shape stability of 3D printed elements – A review. Cement and Concrete Composites, 118(-): 103952, 2021. Link

  • Y. Tao, A.V. Rahul, K. Lesage, Y. Yuan. K. Van Tittelboom, G. De Schutter. Stiffening control of cement-based materials using accelerators in inline mixing processes: Possibilities and challenges. Cement and Concrete Composites, 119(-): 103972, 2021. Link

  • F.P. Bos, P.J. Kruger, S.S. Lucas, G.P.A.G. van Zijl. Juxtaposing fresh material characterisation methods for buildability assessment of 3D printable cementitious mortars. Cement and Concrete Composites, 120(-): 104024, 2021. Link

  • G. Bai, L. Wang, G. Ma, J. Sanjayan, M. Bai. 3D printing eco-friendly concrete containing under-utilised and waste solids as aggregates. Cement and Concrete Composites, 120(-): 104037, 2021. Link

  • B. Zhu, B. Nematollahi, J. Pan, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhou, Y. Zhang. 3D concrete printing of permanent formwork for concrete column construction. Cement and Concrete Composites, 121(-): 104039, 2021. Link

  • N. Ducoulombier, R. Mesnil, P. Carneau, L. Demont, H. Bessaies-Bey, J-F. Caron, N. Roussel. The Slugs-test for extrusion-based additive manufacturing: Protocol, analysis and practical limits. Cement and Concrete Composites, 121(-): 104074, 2021. Link

  • . Technologies for improving buildability in 3D concrete printing. Cement and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104144, 2021. Link

  • C. Zhang, V.N. Nerella, A. Krishna, S. Wang, Y. Zhang, V. Mechtcherine, N. Banthia. Mix design concepts for 3D printable concrete: A review. Cemenr and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104155, 2021. Link

  • C. Liu, X. Wang, Y. Chen, C. Zhang, L. Ma, Z. Deng, C. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Pan, N. Banthia. Influence of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and silica fume on stability, rheological properties, and printability of 3D printing foam concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104158, 2021. Link

  • A. Perrot, A.Pierre, V.N. Nerella, R.J.M. Wolfs, E. Keita, S.A.O. Nair, N. Neithalath, N.Roussel, V.Mechtcherine. From analytical methods to numerical simulations: A process engineering toolbox for 3D concrete printing. Cement and Concrete Composites, 122(-): 104164, 2021. Link

  • D. Lowke, A.Vandenberg, A. Pierre, A. Thomas, H. Kloft, N. Hack. Injection 3D concrete printing in a carrier liquid – Underlying physics and applications to lightweight space frame structures. Cement and Concrete Composites, In press(-): 104169, 2021. Link

  • U. Pott, D. Stephan. Penetration test as a fast method to determine yield stress and structural build-up for 3D printing of cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Composites, 121(-): 104066, 2021. Link

  • S. Ghourchian, M. Butler, M. Kruger. V. Mechtcherine. Modelling the development of capillary pressure in freshly 3D-printed concrete elements. Cement and Concrete Research, 145(-): 106457, 2021. Link

  • J. Chung, G. Lee, J-H. Kim. Framework for technical specifications of 3D concrete printers. Automation in Construction, 127(-): 103732, 2021. Link

  • Y. Weng, M. Li, D. Zhang, M.J. Tan, S. Qian. Investigation of interlayer adhesion of 3D printable cementitious material from the aspect of printing process. Cement and Concrete Research, 143(-): , 2021. Link

  • T. Ding, J. Xiao, S. Zou, J. Yu. Flexural properties of 3D printed fibre-reinforced concrete with recycled sand. Construction and Building Materials, 288(-): 123077, 2021. Link

  • A.P. Rubin, J.A. Hasse, W.L. Repette. The evaluation of rheological parameters of 3D printable concretes and the effect of accelerating admixture. Construction and Building Materials, 276(-): 122221, 2021. Link

  • B. Zhu, J. Pan, Z. Zhou, J. Cai. Mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites beams fabricated by extrusion-based 3D printing. Engineering Structures, 238(-): 112201, 2021. Link

  • L. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Yang, Y.Li, M. Bai. Bonding performance of 3D printing concrete with self-locking interfaces exposed to compression-shear and compression-splitting stresses. Additive Manufacturing, 42(-): 101992, 2021. Link

  • W. Lao, M. Li, T. Tjahjowidodo. Variable-geometry nozzle for surface quality enhancement in 3D concrete printing. Additive Manufacturing, 37(-): 101638, 2021. Link

  • L.G. Li, B.F. Xiao, Z.Q. Fang, Z. Xiong, S.H. Chu, A.K.H. Kwan. Feasibility of glass/basalt fiber reinforced seawater coral sand mortar for 3D printing. Additive Manufacturing, 37(-): 101684, 2021. Link

  • T. Ding, J. Xiao, S. Zou, J. Yu. Flexural properties of 3D printed fibre-reinforced concrete with recycled sand. Construction and Building Materials, 288(-): 123077, 2021. Link

  • H. Marais, H. Christen, S. Cho, W. De Villiers, G. van Zijl. Computational assessment of thermal performance of 3D printed concrete wall structures with cavities. Journal of Building Engineering, 41(-): 102431, 2021. Link

  • S. Cho, J. Kruger, A. van Rooyen, G. van Zijl. Rheology and application of buoyant foam concrete for digital fabrication. Composites Part B: Engineering, 215(-): 108800, 2021. Link

  • B. Zahabizadeh, J. Pereira, C. Goncalves, E.N.B. Pereira, V.M.C.F. Cunha. Influence of the printing direction and age on the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete. Materials and Structures, 54(-): XX-XX, 2021. Link

  • V. Mechtcherine, R. Buswell, H. Kloft, F.P. Bos, N. Hack, R. Wolfs, J. Sanjayan, B. Nematollahi, E. Ivaniuk, T. Neef. Integrating reinforcement in digital fabrication with concrete: A review and classification framework. Cement and Concrete Composites, 119(-): 103964, 2021. Link

  • S. Pessoa, A.S. Guimaraes, S.S. Lucas, N. Simoes,. 3D printing in the construction industry – A systematic review of the thermal performance in buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 141(-): 110794, 2021. Link

  • M. Chougan, S.H. Ghaffar, P. Sikora, S-Y. Chung, T. Rucinska, D. Stephan, A. Albar, M.R. Swash. Investigation of additive incorporation on rheological, microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D printable alkali-activated materials. Materials and Design, 202(-): 109574, 2021. Link

  • B. Panda, S.C. Paul, M.J. Tan. Anisotropic mechanical performance of 3D printed fiber reinforced sustainable construction material. Material Letters, 209(-): 146-149, 2021. Link

  • N. Ducoulombier, L. Demont, C. Chateau, M. Bornert, J-F. Caron. Additive Manufacturing of Anisotropic Concrete: a Flow-Based Pultrusion of Continuous Fibers in a Cementitious Matrix. Procedia Manufacturing, 47(-): 1070-1077, 2021. Link

  • A.R. Arunothayan, B. Nematollahi, R. Ranade, S.H. Bong, J.G. Sanjayan, K.H. Khayat. Fiber orientation effects on ultra-high performance concrete formed by 3D printing. Cement and Concrete Research, 143(-): 106384, 2021. Link

  • L. Demont, N. Ducoulombier, R. Mesnil, J-F. Caron. Flow-based pultrusion of continuous fibers for cement-based composite material and additive manufacturing: rheological and technological requirements. Composite Structures, 262(-): 113564, 2021. Link

  • Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, L. Yang, G. Liu, Y. Chen, S. Yu, H. Du. Hardened properties and durability of large-scale 3D printed cement-based materials. Materials and Structures, 54(-): XX-XX, 2021. Link

  • Y. Weng, M. Li, T.N. Wong, M.J. Tan. Synchronized concrete and bonding agent deposition system for interlayer bond strength enhancement in 3D concrete printing. Automation in Construction, 123(-): 103546, 2021. Link

  • M.K. Mohan, A.V. Rahul, G. De Schutter, K.V. Tittelboom,. Early age hydration, rheology and pumping characteristics of CSA cement-based 3D printable concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 275(-): 122136, 2021. Link

  • K. Vallurupalli, N. Farzadnia, K.H. Khayat,. Effect of flow behavior and process-induced variations on shape stability of 3D printed elements – A review. Cement and Concrete Composites, 118(-): 103952, 2021. Link

  • S.K. Baduge, S. Navaratnam, Y. Abu-Zidan, T. McCormack, K. Nguyen, P. Mendis, G. Zhang, L. Aye,. Improving performance of additive manufactured (3D printed) concrete: A review on material mix design, processing, interlayer bonding, and reinforcing methods. Structures, 29(-): 1597-1609, 2021. Link

  • V. Nguyen-Van, B. Panda, G. Zhang, H. Nguyen-Xuan, P. Tran,. Digital design computing and modelling for 3-D concrete printing. Automation in Construction, 123(-): 103529, 2021. Link

  • A. Anton, L. Reiter, T. Wangler, V. Frangez, R.J. Flatt, B. Dillenburger. A 3D concrete printing prefabrication platform for bespoke columns. Automation in Construction, 122(-): 103467, 2021. Link

  • A. du Plessis, A.J Babafemi, S.C. Paul, B. Panda, J.P. Tran, C. Broeckhoven,. Biomimicry for 3D concrete printing: A review and perspective. Additive Manufacturing, 38(-): 101823, 2021. Link

  • J. Kruger, A. du Plessis, G. van Zijl. An investigation into the porosity of extrusion-based 3D printed concrete. Additive Manufacturing, 37(-): 101740, 2021. Link

  • S. Muthukrishnan, S. Ramakrishnan, J. Sanjayan. Effect of alkali reactions on the rheology of one-part 3D printable geopolymer concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 116(-): 103899, 2021. Link

  • F. Bester, M. van den Heever, J. Kruger, G. van Zijl. Reinforcing digitally fabricated concrete: A systems approach review. Additive Manufacturing, 37(-): 101737, 2021. Link

  • J. Kruger, S. Zeranka, G. van Zijl. A rheology-based quasi-static shape retention model for digitally fabricated concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 254(-): 119241, 2020. Link

  • M. Ekenel, M. Sanchez, A. Kazemian, B. Khoshnevis. Building Code Compliance of 3D Printed Concrete Walls. STRUCTURE Magazine, (-): XX-XX, 2020. Link

  • J. Kruger, G. van Zijl. A compendious review on lack-of-fusion in digital concrete fabrication. Additive Manufacturing, In Press (-): 101654, 2020. Link

  • A. Cicione, K. Mazolwana, J. Kruger, R. Walls, Z. Sander, G. van Zijl. Effect of transverse and longitudinal confinement on the interlayer bond in 3D printed concrete at elevated temperatures: an experimental study. In: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on structures in fire (SiF2020), Brisbane, Australia, The University of Queensland: XX-XX, 2020. Link

  • O. Davtalab, A. Kazemian, X. Yuan, B. Khoshnevis. Automated inspection in robotic additive manufacturing using deep learning for layer deformation detection. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, (-): 1-14, 2020. Link

  • H.T. Afarani, W. Carroll, E.J. Garboczi, J.J. Biernacki. Designing 3D printable cementitious materials with gel-forming polymers. Construction and Building Materials, 268(-): 121709, 2021. Link

  • Y. Jacquet, A. Perrot, V. Picandet. Assessment of asymmetrical rheological behavior of cementitious material for 3D printing application. Cement and Concrete Research, 140(-): 106305, 2021. Link

  • M.K. Mohan, A.V. Rahul, K.V. Tittelboom, G. De Schutter. Rheological and pumping behaviour of 3D printable cementitious materials with varying aggregate content. Cement and Concrete Research, 138(-): 106258, 2021. Link

  • M.K. Mohan, A.V. Rahul, G. De Schutter, K.V. Tittelboom. Extrusion-based concrete 3D printing from a material perspective: A state-of-the-art review. Cement and Concrete Composites, 115(-): 103855, 2021. Link

  • R. Jayathilakage, J. Sanjayan, and P. Rajeev. Comparison of Rheology Measurement Techniques Used in 3D Concrete Printing Applications. ICSECM 2019. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 24, Springer, Singapore: 261-273, 2021. Link

  • J.G. Sanjayan, R. Jayathilakage, P. Rajeev. Vibration induced active rheology control for 3D concrete printing. Cement and Concrete Research, 140(-): 106293, 2021. Link

  • R. Comminal, W.R. Leal da Silva, T.J. Andersen, H. Stang, J. Spangenberg. Modelling of 3D concrete printing based on computational fluid dynamics. Cement and Concrete Research, 138(-): 106256, 2020. Link

  • V.C. Li, F.P. Bos, K. Yu, W. McGee, T.Y. Ng, S.C. Figueiredo, K. Nefs, V. Mechtcherine, V.N. Nerella, J. Pan, G.P.A.G. van Zijl, P.J. Kruger. On the emergence of 3D printable Engineered, Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (ECC/SHCC). Cement and Concrete Research, 132(-): 106038, 2020. Link

  • Z. Geng, W. She, W. Zuo, K. Lyu, H. Pan, Y. Zhang, C. Miao. Layer-interface properties in 3D printed concrete: Dual hierarchical structure and micromechanical characterization. Cement and Concrete Research, 138(-): 106220, 2020. Link

  • M. Mohammad, E. Masad, S.G. Al-Ghamdi. 3D Concrete Printing Sustainability: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Four Construction Method Scenarios. Buildings, 10(12): 245, 2020. Link

  • A. Alkhalidi, D. Hatuqay. Energy efficient 3D printed buildings: Material and techniques selection worldwide study. Journal of Building Engineering, 30(-): 101286, 2020. Link

  • P. Shakor, S. Nejadi, G. Paul, J. Sanjayan. Dimensional accuracy, flowability, wettability, and porosity in inkjet 3DP for gypsum and cement mortar materials. Automation in Construction, 110(-): 102964, 2020. Link

  • Md. A. Hossain, A. Zhumabekova, S.C. Paul, J.R. Kim. A Review of 3D Printing in Construction and its Impact on the Labor Market. , 12(20): 8492, 2020. Link

  • G.S. Ortega, J.A. Madrid, N.O.E. Olsson, J.A. Tenorio. The Application of 3D-Printing Techniques in the Manufacturing of Cement-Based Construction Products and Experiences Based on the Assessment of Such Products. Buildings, 10(9): 144, 2020. Link

  • R.G. Rivera, R.G. Alvarado, A. Martinez-Rocamora, F.A. Cheein. A Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Different Mobile Manipulators Used as Displaceable 3D Printers of Building Elements for the Construction Industry. Sustainability, 12(11): 4378, 2020. Link

  • S. Luhar, T. Suntharalingam, S. Navaratnam, I. Luhar, J. Thamboo, K. Poologanathan, P. Gatheeshgar. Sustainable and Renewable Bio-Based Natural Fibres and Its Application for 3D Printed Concrete: A Review. Sustainability, 12(24): 10485, 2020. Link

  • J.A. Hasse, A.P. Rubin, L.C. Quintanilha, W.L. Repette. Increasing structuration rate of 3D printable concretes: the effect of viscosity enhancing admixtures. Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater., 13(4): 13412, 2020. Link

  • A. Gopani, P. Shah, A. Shah. Developing and Analyzing Mix Design for 3D Printable Concrete. In: Proceedings of Concrete Durability and Service Life Planning. ConcreteLife 2020. RILEM Bookseries, 26(-): 109-113, 2020. Link

  • A.U. Rehman, S.-M. Lee, J.-H. Kim. Use of municipal solid waste incineration ash in 3D printable concrete. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 142(-): 219-228, 2020. Link

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